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Презентация по английскому языку "Kazan Kremlin". Достопримечательности казани на английском языке


Помогите написать сочинение на английском языке про Казань!!! Плиз

Kazan - the capital of the Republic of Tatarstan, one of the major economic, scientific, cultural centers and ancient cities of our country. Located on the great river Volga. 

The challenge, as the eternal Rome, on seven hills, Kazan - capital of the ancient people and ancient country. Located fate will now almost in the heart of modern Russia, which lies just eight hundred kilometers east of Moscow, Kazan is the capital of a completely original people and multi-national republic that exists today between the Volga and Ural. This nation has - its own language, culture, old traditions and festivals, their own faith, but the past and present his most dramatic and sometimes fatally intertwined with the history and future of Russia. This nation - the Kazan Tatars, this country is - Tatarstan. 

"Kazan" in Tartar means "pot". Location of the city resembles depression, and the boiler. According to another version, according to legend, one of the Khans has dropped here in the jet Kazanka its boiler, so the place became popularly known as "the place of the boiler". 

Kazan - a city with very favorable geographical position, has long been a trading intermediary between the East and West, and today plays an increasing role in political, economic and international svyazyah.V Middle Volga first humans appeared about a hundred thousand years ago. Twenty thousand years ago from the Trans-Urals and Siberia, came to the Finno-Ugric tribes - the ancestors of the Mari, Mordvinians and extinct peoples Merya. The second millennium BC in the Bronze Age, was formed several tens of settlements in the ancient inhabitants of the territory of modern Kazan. According to A.H. Khalikov, such settlements are located north of today's street Podluzhny. Six such sites were found near the village Savinov, thirteen - in today's Volga area. 

From the north and east of the settlement defended by a high cliff in the west - the steep slopes of the hill to the creek, and from the south - a deep, wooded ravine and bushes. Kazan scientists have determined that the settlement gave rise to the city of Kazan. 

In the early 15 th century Kazan was called New Bulgar - Bulgar-al-Jadid - recognizing her the title of prince, the capital city. 

Since the mid 15 to mid 16 th century Kazan - capital of the Khanate of Kazan, a city rich, beautiful, amazing contemporary castle walls and magnificent palaces and mosques. In the second half of the 16-17 century Kazan - the capital of eastern Russia, the center of a vast territory. During these years, the Kremlin rebuilt in stone. Begin construction of the famous masters of Pskov - Postnik Yakovlev nicknamed Barma (creator of St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square in Moscow), Ivan Shiryaev. They built in the Kremlin Cathedral of the Annunciation and laid some of the other buildings. Total in the Kremlin in the 17 th century was 5 square travel towers, 13 round of sentinel, for the walls were crowded buildings: 11 churches, 2 monasteries, "Sovereign yard," the bishop palace, homes serving people and outbuildings. Belonged to the Kremlin Posad, also surrounded by walls made of oak log house. Rustled in the tenements market, bells on churches and cathedrals, to build cities, to expand its granitsy.Kazansky Kremlin is a unique architectural and historical monument on the right numbered with the most remarkable World Heritage Site. The uniqueness of the Kazan Kremlin consists of a number of inherent features of it only because the Kazan Kremlin - a: The world's only active center of Tatar national culture and state power, the only preserved in the Russian .

globuss24.ru

Kazan - Топики по английскому языку

Kazan (Russian: Каза́нь; Tatar Cyrillic: Казан, Latin: Qazan) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. With a population of 1,143,600 (2010 Census preliminary results), it is the eighth most populous city in Russia. Kazan lies at the confluence of the Volga and Kazanka Rivers in European Russia. In April 2009, the Russian Patent Office granted Kazan the right to brand itself as the "Third Capital" of Russia. In 2009 it was chosen as the "sports capital of Russia". The Kazan Kremlin is a World Heritage Site.

EtymologyThe origin of the name Kazan is uncertain. The most accepted legends derive it from the Bulgarian (and also modern Tatar) word qazan, which means 'boiler' or 'cauldron'.

Middle AgesThere is a long-running dispute as to whether Kazan was founded by the Volga Bulgars in the early Middle Ages or by the Tatars of the Golden Horde in the mid-15th century, as written records before the latter period are sparse. If there were a Bulgar city on the site, estimates of the date of its foundation range from the early 11th century to the late 13th century (see Iske Qazan). It was a border post between Volga Bulgaria and two Finnic tribes, the (Mari and the Udmurt). Another vexatious question is where the citadel was built originally. Archaeological explorations have produced evidence of urban settlement in three parts of the modern city: in the Kremlin; in Bişbalta at the site of the modern Zilantaw monastery; and near the Qaban lake. The oldest of these seems to be the Kremlin.If Kazan existed in the 11th and 12th centuries, it could have been a stop on a Volga trade route from Scandinavia to Iran. It was a trade center, and possibly a major city for Bulgar settlers in the Kazan region, although their capital was further south at the city of Bolğar.After the Mongols devastated the Bolğar and Bilär areas in the 13th century, migrants resettled Kazan. Kazan became a center of a duchy which was a dependency of the Golden Horde. Two centuries later, in the 1430s, Hordian Tatars (such as Ghiasetdin of Kazan) usurped power from its Bolghar dynasty.Some Tatars also went to Lithuania, brought by Vytautas the Great.In 1438, after the destruction of the Golden Horde, Kazan became the capital of the powerful Khanate of Kazan. The city bazaar, Taş Ayaq (Stone Leg)' became the most important trade center in the region, especially for furniture. The citadel and Bolaq channel were reconstructed, giving the city a strong defensive capacity. The Russians managed to occupy the city briefly several times.

Russian Tsardom timesAs a result of the Siege of Kazan (1552) Russia under Ivan the Terrible conquered the city for good and the majority of the population was massacred. During the governorship of Alexander Gorbatyi-Shuisky, most of the khanates's Tatar residents were killed or forcibly Christianized. Mosques and palaces were ruined. The surviving Tatar population was moved to a place 50 kilometres (31 mi) away from the city and this place was forcibly settled by Russian farmers and soldiers. Tatars in the Russian service were settled in the Tatar Bistäse settlement near the city's wall. Later Tatar merchants and handicraft masters also settled there. During this period, Kazan was largely destroyed as a result of several great fires. After one of them in 1579, the icon Our Lady of Kazan was discovered in the city.

engtopic.ru

Казань — интересные факты о городе, статистические данные

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Презентация по английскому языку "Kazan Kremlin"

Kazan Kremlin

Kazan Kremlin

Kazan Kremlin - the living heart of Kazan. Kremlin - the living heart of Kazan. Hence began the city, was born here is his story. New mnogominaretnaya mosque in the old Ottoman-style Orthodox cathedral stand side by side in this fortress. It is necessary to pass along its medieval walls, climb the towers to look to museums, to understand who they are and what Kazan .

Kazan Kremlin - the living heart of Kazan.

Kremlin - the living heart of Kazan. Hence began the city, was born here is his story. New mnogominaretnaya mosque in the old Ottoman-style Orthodox cathedral stand side by side in this fortress. It is necessary to pass along its medieval walls, climb the towers to look to museums, to understand who they are and what Kazan .

The history of the Kazan Kremlin. A thousand years ago on a hill at the confluence of settled Finno-Ugric tribes. Once established in the territory of modern Tatarstan State Great Volga Bolgaria in 10-13 centuries Kazan was a small fortress on the border with Russia. After the Mongol invasion in 1236 under the walls of Kazan comes Bulgar population of the Volga Bulgars ravaged by the Mongols, the city becomes a commercial and political center.

The history of the Kazan Kremlin.

A thousand years ago on a hill at the confluence of settled Finno-Ugric tribes. Once established in the territory of modern Tatarstan State Great Volga Bolgaria in 10-13 centuries Kazan was a small fortress on the border with Russia.

After the Mongol invasion in 1236 under the walls of Kazan comes Bulgar population of the Volga Bulgars ravaged by the Mongols, the city becomes a commercial and political center.

Then, after the collapse of the Golden Horde, the Kremlin became the center of the Kazan Khanate, which existed about 100 years, from 1438 to 1552. In the mid-16th century conflict with Moscow principality exacerbated, and the Khanate of Kazan is a war, the Russian Tsar Ivan the Terrible. In October 1552 the Russian army conquered Kazan and destroy its Kirman (fortress). For the construction of the new Kremlin invited architects from Pskov and Novgorod led Faster Yakovlev and Ivan Shiryaev. White stone fortress, which can be seen today was built after the mid-16th century Russian architects of the white stone of the Volga. Today the Kremlin is the residence of the President of the Republic of Tatarstan and benefit the most southern example of the architectural style of Pskov in Russia.

Then, after the collapse of the Golden Horde, the Kremlin became the center of the Kazan Khanate, which existed about 100 years, from 1438 to 1552.

In the mid-16th century conflict with Moscow principality exacerbated, and the Khanate of Kazan is a war, the Russian Tsar Ivan the Terrible. In October 1552 the Russian army conquered Kazan and destroy its Kirman (fortress). For the construction of the new Kremlin invited architects from Pskov and Novgorod led Faster Yakovlev and Ivan Shiryaev. White stone fortress, which can be seen today was built after the mid-16th century Russian architects of the white stone of the Volga.

Today the Kremlin is the residence of the President of the Republic of Tatarstan and benefit the most southern example of the architectural style of Pskov in Russia.

What to see in the Kazan Kremlin. 1. On the territory of the fortress is the famous

What to see in the Kazan Kremlin.

1. On the territory of the fortress is the famous "falling" tower queen Suyumbika;

2. The Kremlin is the first Orthodox church in the Middle Volga - Cathedral of the Annunciation;

3. Kul Sharif mosque.

(and much more).

Tower Syuyumbike. It deviates from the axis of 2 meters. Tower was named in honor of the last queen of Kazan. The legend says: Ivan the Terrible to hear about the beauty queen wants to marry her. Having been refused, Ivan the Terrible fell to Atlanta. Wanting to save his besieged city, Syuyumbeki agreed to become his wife, but set a condition: if chosen for the week will build seven storied tower. And when the request was fulfilled, the queen threw herself back down. In fact, the fate of Syuyumbeki was a 29-year-old daughter of the Nogai nobleman was taken to Moscow and separated from her infant son.

Tower Syuyumbike.

It deviates from the axis of 2 meters. Tower was named in honor of the last queen of Kazan. The legend says: Ivan the Terrible to hear about the beauty queen wants to marry her. Having been refused, Ivan the Terrible fell to Atlanta. Wanting to save his besieged city, Syuyumbeki agreed to become his wife, but set a condition: if chosen for the week will build seven storied tower. And when the request was fulfilled, the queen threw herself back down. In fact, the fate of Syuyumbeki was a 29-year-old daughter of the Nogai nobleman was taken to Moscow and separated from her infant son.

Cathedral of the Annunciation. It was built in the middle of the XVI century, Pskov masters. Its architect was the author of Postnik Yakovlev famous St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square. According to ancient sources, the cathedral was built the day before the attack on the soldiers of Kazan Ivan the Terrible. Over the long history of the church has experienced many renovations. In May 1836 council visited Nicholas I. After the imperial orders of the church was enlarged and turned into winter. It was visited by Peter I, Catherine II, and almost all members of the imperial house, as well as Radishchev, Pushkin and Rachmaninov. Not just here in the church choir sang Feodor Chaliapin.

Cathedral of the Annunciation.

It was built in the middle of the XVI century, Pskov masters. Its architect was the author of Postnik Yakovlev famous St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square. According to ancient sources, the cathedral was built the day before the attack on the soldiers of Kazan Ivan the Terrible. Over the long history of the church has experienced many renovations. In May 1836 council visited Nicholas I. After the imperial orders of the church was enlarged and turned into winter. It was visited by Peter I, Catherine II, and almost all members of the imperial house, as well as Radishchev, Pushkin and Rachmaninov. Not just here in the church choir sang Feodor Chaliapin.

Kul Sharif mosque. In 2005 opened a new Kul Sharif mosque, which became the main mosque in Tatarstan. Kul-Sharif - the so-called chief priest of the Kazan khanate, a Muslim theologian and educator. He died in 1552 during the capture of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible, but then was burned down a mosque. Religious building in the Kazan Kremlin to recreate almost five hundred years after the destruction. The main dome is shaped like a

Kul Sharif mosque.

In 2005 opened a new Kul Sharif mosque, which became the main mosque in Tatarstan. Kul-Sharif - the so-called chief priest of the Kazan khanate, a Muslim theologian and educator. He died in 1552 during the capture of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible, but then was burned down a mosque. Religious building in the Kazan Kremlin to recreate almost five hundred years after the destruction. The main dome is shaped like a "Kazan cap" - the crown of Kazan khans, which is taken away in Moscow after the fall of Kazan and now exhibited in the Armory. Erected Kul Sharif Turkish builders, chandeliers made for her in the Czech Republic, granite and marble brought from the Ural Mountains. More than two thousand square meters of the mosque carpet Persian carpet - the gift of the Iranian government. In addition to prayer halls mosque in the building you can visit the Kul-Sharif is located in the basement of a museum of Islamic culture.

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